1. Our plant is gaining in biomass because of more cells. The plant got energy to create the cells from photosynthesis. With photosynthesis the plant uses the chloroplasts to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen. All of that is powered by the sun's energy. Also the plant got energy from cellular respiration. The byproduct of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide, which the energy produced is used to creating new cells. New cells are created through mitosis. In mitosis the parent cell copies the parent cell's DNA and organelles then the entire cell. The end product of mitosis is two identical daughter cells.
2. Two important enzymes that are in photosynthesis are Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). To produce those enzymes for photosynthesis it all starts in the nucleus. The DNA message gets converted into a RNA message which is then sent to the cytoplasm. The messenger RNA or mRNA is floating in the cytoplasm and then picked up by ribosomes. Those ribosomes read the mRNA in sections of 3, the first is matching each sequence to the amino acids carried by a particular tRNA. Those amino acids are formed into proteins. Later on those proteins become part of more complex structures, which include the two enzymes used in photosynthesis.
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